{"id":3337,"date":"2011-05-12T11:46:05","date_gmt":"2011-05-12T09:46:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/neuropoolwp-com.beast-hosting.com\/2011\/05\/12\/wie-funktioniert-ein-placebo\/"},"modified":"2011-05-12T11:46:05","modified_gmt":"2011-05-12T09:46:05","slug":"wie-funktioniert-ein-placebo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.neuropool.com\/en\/reports\/health\/wie-funktioniert-ein-placebo.html","title":{"rendered":"How does a placebo work"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"The<\/p>\n

A placebo is a medicine or treatment without active ingredients or a cure. Placebos are used to stimulate a patient's self-healing powers and promote healing using psychological power. The placebo effect describes a physical response to a purely psychological but clinically completely ineffective drug. In about 30% of all patients the placebo effect works, even if the patients know that it is a placebo.<\/p>\n

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The placebo effect has long been recognised in medical research, as it has been proven to influence the effect of a treatment through exaggerated expectations of a positive result. <\/p>\n

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Pavlov's dog already describes the study of operant conditioning. In his experiment, a dog was trained to associate the sound of a bell with the giving of food. The release of endorphins in the brain, which stimulated the dog's salivation in anticipation of its food through mere audible stimulation, also appears to be responsible for the effect of a placebo. Here, speech acts as a stimulus that triggers a reaction of the nervous system in the brain in relation to the patient's expectation. If the patient concentrates on a positive result predicted by the treating doctor, endorphins are released in the brain. Endorphins are hormones that make pain more bearable and increase a general sense of well-being. However, if the patient concentrates on possible side effects of the medication or a negative result, the release of endorphins is blocked by their fears and the body produces the expected side effects. The patient therefore does not imagine the symptoms, but actually feels them. <\/p>\n

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A placebo can have positive and negative effects. With a positive attitude, it can promote a positive outcome of the treatment through purely psychological forces. A patient with a negative attitude or someone who fundamentally rejects the effect of a placebo may experience increased deterioration. In this case, the doctor must stimulate the patient's optimism through his choice of words and direct his expectations towards symptom relief and away from the side effects. <\/p>\n

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For people who are susceptible to the placebo effect, expectations of the treatment can play a significant role in the outcome. Dr Linus Pauling, a famous chemist, claimed that vitamin C reduces both the susceptibility to a cold and the relief of an existing cold. This theory has not been proven or is considered ineffective by some, but it persists in our society because people want to believe it. The reason for this may be the placebo effect. Anyone who takes vitamin C to combat a cold will feel better after taking it because of their expectations. <\/p>\n

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Placebos are often used in clinical trials to test the medical efficacy of a particular drug. One group of test subjects is given the drug, the other a placebo that looks and tastes the same. The results of both groups are then compared. Both groups are checked for side effects and health improvements. If the group that took the actual drug shows significant improvements compared to the group that took the placebo and the side effects are within a tolerance limit, the drug is considered medically effective.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ein Placebo ist ein Medikament oder eine Behandlung ohne aktive Wirkstoffe oder Heilung. Man verwendet Placebos, um die Selbstheilungskr\u00e4fte eines Patienten zu stimulieren und seine Heilung zu f\u00f6rdern unter Verwendung psychologischer Kraft. Der Placebo-Effekt beschreibt eine k\u00f6rperliche Wirkung auf ein rein psychologisch wirkendes aber klinisch vollkommen unwirksames Mittel. Bei etwa 30% aller Patienten funktioniert der […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3336,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_thumbnail_id":["3336"],"_fgj2wp_old_id":["2774"],"rank_math_focus_keyword":["wie funktioniert ein placebo"],"rank_math_analytic_object_id":["1705"],"rank_math_internal_links_processed":["1"],"_trp_automatically_translated_slug_en_GB":["how-does-a-placebo-work"]},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3337","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gesundheit","entry","has-media"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.neuropool.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3337","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.neuropool.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.neuropool.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.neuropool.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.neuropool.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3337"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.neuropool.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3337\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.neuropool.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3336"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.neuropool.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3337"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.neuropool.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3337"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.neuropool.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3337"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}