Some people's lungs and bronchial tubes are hypersensitive and react extremely to environmental influences.
The body reacts to harmless stimuli with strong defences, which can even be life-threatening. Bronchi and alveoli become inflamed and constricted, leading to acute respiratory distress.
This is bronchial asthma.


The lungs' strong defence reaction is triggered by environmental influences such as pollen, dust, mould, animal hair or chemical solutions. The body reacts allergically and defends itself against the intruders in the airways. Molecules are released that lead to constriction and inflammation of the airways and cramping of the respiratory muscles.  

Today, around 10 per cent of all children and five per cent of adults suffer from allergic asthma. Hospital emergency departments used to be full of patients with acute asthma attacks. This has changed since cortisone became available for inhalation. The inhalation spray is a fast and effective antidote that acts directly in the airways and reduces swelling. There are different medications for acute asthma attacks and as a long-term treatment. When used regularly, the cortisone reduces the swelling of the bronchial tubes in the long term.

Prevention

The top priority, of course: Do not smoke!

Otherwise, the asthma patient can only take care to avoid contact with the triggering substances as far as possible. Carpets should be thoroughly cleaned or disposed of if the dust can no longer be removed easily enough.
Direct contact with animals should be avoided.
Room air should not be too dry, bronchial tubes do not tolerate this well. It is better to set up a humidifier or at least ventilate the room regularly.
Trips into the countryside during the pollen season should of course be avoided at all costs.